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How to clean solar panel dust?

2022-06-10

During the regular inspection of the photovoltaic power generation system, it will be found that because the solar panels are often used outdoors, a large amount of dust has accumulated on the surface due to long-term wind and sun exposure. If these dusts are not cleaned up in time, they may block and affect the solar cells. The normal operation of the panel, in the long run, will also accelerate the aging of the panel and reduce the output power. The following will explain how to clean the dust of the solar panel for you.
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1. Manual cleaning
Manual cleaning is a very primitive way of cleaning solar panels, which is completely done by manpower. This cleaning method has low work efficiency, long cleaning cycle, high labor cost, hidden dangers to personal safety, and inability to work in the northern winter. Large-scale photovoltaic power stations rarely use manual scrubbing.
(1) Manual dry cleaning
Manual dry cleaning is to use a long-handled velvet mop with a special detergent for cleaning. The oil-based electrostatic dust collector used mainly uses the principle of electrostatic adsorption, which has the effect of adsorbing dust and sand, which can enhance the ability of cleaning tools to vacuum and decontaminate, and effectively avoid Dust and sand particles fly when cleaning. Due to the complete reliance on manpower, there are problems such as more residues on the surface and uneven stress on the components, resulting in deformation and cracking. Compressed air purging is to blow out compressed air through a special device to remove the dust on the surface of the components, which is used in areas where water resources are scarce. This method is inefficient and has the problem of high-speed friction components of dust, and is rarely used in power stations at present.
(2) Artificial washing
Manual water washing is to spray water on the surface of the photovoltaic module with the nozzle connected to the waterwheel (or the water pipe), so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning. The pressure generally does not exceed 0.4MPa. A large area short circuit will reduce the power generation efficiency. This cleaning method is better than manual dry cleaning, and the cleaning efficiency is higher, but the water consumption is larger. In addition, after the solar panel is naturally air-dried, water stains will form on the surface, forming a micro-shadow shading, which affects the power generation efficiency. The ice layer produced by the use of high-pressure water guns in winter can seriously weaken the optical effect of the modules, especially in solar power plants in the north.
2. Semi-automatic cleaning equipment
It is mainly modified with engineering vehicles as the carrier. The equipment has high power and high efficiency. The cleaning work has good pressure consistency on the solar panels, and will not produce uneven pressure on the components, causing the components to crack. Cleaning and water washing can be used for cleaning. Two modes. This method is less dependent on water resources, but has strict requirements on the height, width and road conditions between the arrays of photovoltaic modules, which cannot meet the application needs of all large-scale photovoltaic power plants. class equipment.
3. Automatic cleaning
The automatic cleaning method is to install the cleaning device on the photovoltaic module array, and control the rotation of the motor to realize the automatic cleaning of the solar panel by the device. This cleaning method is expensive and complicated in design. It is mostly used for R&D and testing, and is rarely formally used in large-scale photovoltaic power plants.
4. Intelligent cleaning robot
There are already intelligent cleaning robots in China. The method is to install a cleaning robot for each row of photovoltaic modules in the power station to automatically and regularly clean, unattended, saving labor costs. The photovoltaic power station with flat terrain can be used. Compared with the traditional cleaning method, the intelligent cleaning robot is self-powered for cleaning, and has energy storage, no need to provide external power, waterless cleaning, energy saving, environmental protection, and water saving. The operating frequency can be freely set, and the site can be cleaned regularly according to the environment of the site. The cleaning force is even, it will not cause the solar panel to crack, and it can work at night.

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